{"id":42484,"date":"2019-09-03T02:26:23","date_gmt":"2019-09-03T02:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alanwaralmsreah.com\/?p=42484"},"modified":"2019-09-03T02:26:23","modified_gmt":"2019-09-03T02:26:23","slug":"8-%d8%b4%d8%ae%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%b4%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alanwaralmsreah.com\/?p=42484","title":{"rendered":"8 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 -\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629- \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 -\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628- \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647. \u0644\u0646\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 8 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">1. \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 (Nils Bohlin)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/Nils-Bohlin.jpg\" alt=\"\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0648\u060c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646\" \/><figcaption>\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/motoring\/features\/the-man-who-saved-a-million-lives-nils-bohlin-inventor-of-the-seatbelt-1773844.html\">\u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/a>\u061b \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629) \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0648 (PV 544). \u062a\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ida2at.com\/seat-belts-line-difference-life-death\/\">\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">2. \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b (Philo Farnsworth)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/442px-Philo_T_Farnsworth.jpg\" alt=\"\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b\" \/><figcaption>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1927\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/philo-t-farnsworth-40273\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062b<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062b \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1929\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062b \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencefocus.com\/science\/who-really-invented-the-mechanical-television\/\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 (Televisor) \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 25 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (RCA) \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 (RCA) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1971\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">3. \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062a (Henry Dunant)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/427px-Henry_Dunant_1855.jpg\" alt=\"\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/><figcaption>\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/peace\/1901\/dunant\/biographical\/\">\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1901\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1859\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u062e\u0637\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1864\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u062a 12 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0651\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">4. \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Maurice Hilleman)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/Hilleman-Walter-Reed.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/><figcaption>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061b \u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0641\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628. \u0625\u0630 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 (A) \u0648(B) \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u0647 (MMR vaccine) \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">5. \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631 (Lewis Latimer)<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blackinventor.com\/lewis-latimer\/\">\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1876. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">6. \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 (James Harrison)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper embed-responsive-item\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Can One Person's Blood Save 2 Million Babies?\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tnczwrxP-jc?feature=oembed\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0630\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633 (Rhesus disease).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0647 1173 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/james-harrison-last-blood-donation-saved-two-million-babies-2018-5\">2.4 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0644<\/a>. \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 60 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 (anti-D)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">7. \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633 (Henrietta Lacks)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper embed-responsive-item\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Henrietta Lacks | Her Impact and Our Outreach\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/SPLSp7Tf3bw?feature=oembed\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0633\u062a\u064f\u062f\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627 (HeLa)\u061b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951\u060c \u062d\u064f\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/henriettalacks\/index.html\">\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627<\/a>\u00a0\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0643\u0644 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">8. \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (Alfred Russel Wallace)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/Lewis_latimer.jpg\" alt=\"\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/><figcaption>\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ida2at.com\/media\/2019\/02\/Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg\" alt=\"\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/><figcaption>\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption-attribution\"><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c 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